Journal of Language Studies

Abstract

Because of the importance of the theory of modern
(Almuhajja) in the extrapolation of our Arab heritage, we decided
to research the mechanisms applied to the poetry of one of the most
prominent flags of Andalusian thought, bin of the Bundesian al-
Andalusi in an attempt to monitor how to convince the recipient
and research in the sanctuaries of poetry and energies of Almuhaja
in the purposes of Ibn Hazm's poetry
Argument is an artistic method as it is a rhetorical style
employed by the poet in building his poetic speech and by
provoking the recipient and pushing him to intensify the search for
the hidden meanings that the poet tries to convey, as it is a linguistic
peculiarity that makes it say and makes it stand up to the poetic
level. The poetic language is primarily metaphorical language
aimed at News as you do and enjoyment by moving to the static and
usual of them in a wonderful way we hardly touch the words and
complexity, , and thus achieve the argument these two goals
(persuasion and pleasure) and show the efficiency of poets and the
difference of poetry and the counterpart may be a disgraceful
feature of you Or to turn it into quizzes
Thus, rhetorical techniques play a very important role in
supporting argument which is not used by the poet just for the sake
of the aesthetic beauty only; it is used for affecting and convincing
the reader.Researching in the type of argument used in poetry, we
can distinguish between argumentative and nonargumentative
poetry.

Abstract

The modern age is prolific of literary movements and literary
genres. Documentary poetry, which can be considered a new genre,
combines both primary source material, such as war, political events,
terrorism, people in detention and many other events with poetry.
Amiri Baraka is a contemporary American poet whose poem
"Somebody Blew up America" belongs to this genre. It records the
September 11 blowing up of the Trade Centre from a perspective
different from what the American propaganda and mass media tell the
world. The recent paper attempts to shed light on Amiri Baraka's
attitude towards this event, the reasons behind it, the real terrorists
and the intentions behind this terrorist event according to this poem.
The poet argues that the American government knew beforehand that
the Trade Centre was going to be blown up and they took no action to
prevent the catastrophe and, in this sense, they were partners in the
crime. Furthermore, he accuses the Americans of blowing up the trade
centre. The paper is divided into three sections and a conclusion.
Section One is Introductory; it sheds light on documentary poetry, its
characteristic features and practitioners. Section Two is a biographical
note of Amiri Baraka paying special attention to his attitude to
American politics based on domination, persecution and genocide.
Section Three gives a detailed analysis of "Somebody Blew up
America" as a documentary poem recording the September 11 blowing
up of the Trade Centre with the aim of finding a pretext to invade
other countries. The paper concludes that this event happened
according to a well-made plan in cooperation with the American
government and the CIA as partners.

Abstract

This paper is an attempt at applying techniques
of critical discourse analysis (henceforth CDA) techniques
on some local Arabic political speeches, using van Dijk
(1995-2006) as a model for data analysis. The study aims at
investigating the way social power, abuse, are exercised by
politicians in their speeches. The analysis reveals that most
of the techniques related to the meaning, argumentative and
rhetorical levels have been employed in Al-Abadi speech
delivered on the occasion of Kurdistan Region Referendum
on 25th Sept.2017 to persuade the audience of his
ideopolitical agenda.

Abstract

The current study is concerned with the
analytic pragmatic level of swearing in Arabic with
reference to English .It tests the behavior of oath in
both languages. The analysis of swearing aligns with
the speech act theory developed firstly by Austin
(1962) and developed later by Searle (1975). Giving
oath is about giving a promise or a commitment by
which the speaker obliges to a future action. The
performative act of swearing in both English and
Arabic is illocutionary with maintaining the
locutionary and the perlocutionary acts. The study
also proves that the felicity condition is satisfied
through having a happy utterance in terms of
swearing. In addition, as long as the cooperative
principle is met, the Gricean maxims are wellestablished
throughout this study.

Abstract

In the English language there are many models of the teaching English language,
Flip teaching model one of the modern models. The current study aims at investigating to which
extent the flip teaching model effected on the achievement of Iraqi preparatory pupils. To succeed
the study and to fulfill its aims, hypotheses are posed as the following:
1. There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental groups
pupils whom are taught according to flipped teaching model and the control groups pupils whom are
taught according to lipped teaching model.
2. There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental groups
in the pre-test and their scores mean in the post-test
3. There are no statistically significant differences among Iraqi preparatory pupils‟ achievement
according to their field of specialization.To achieve the aims and verify the hypotheses, the researchers
have adopted a number of procedures as the following: Presenting a theoretical background of the flip
teaching model as well as lip teaching model. Selecting randomly samples of Iraqi preparatory pupils as
subjects for conducting A written pretest has been conducted and presented for both groups to assess
the pupils' achievement in reading, writing, listening and speaking skills.
1. The experimental group has been exposed to the flip teaching model.
2. Both groups are exposed to a post-test to find out whether the flip teaching model have
any role on pupils' achievement in English learning skills.
3. Data of the post-test and results have been presented, and have been analyzed on the basis
of which conclusions and recommendations have been give
The sample of the current study consists of (88) pupils derived from four sections chosen
from „Maysaloon Preparatory School for Girls‟.
The fifth stage consists of four sections; section (A) randomly selected to be the
experimental/ Scientific group, section (B) has randomly chosen to be the experimental / Literary group,
section (C) has randomly chosen to be the control / Scientific group, and section (D) has randomly
chosen to be the control / Literary group. Each section consists of (22) pupils.
To analyze the obtained data, different statistical methods have been used, namely One- Way
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Scheffe Test, weighted mean and Percentiles mean to measure the
pupils‟ posttest achievement.

Abstract

This research is based on the study of the novel universe,
which is based on the elements of novel construction (event,
character, time, place) in Ibrahim Hassan Nasser’s “Blood
Beaches… Salt Beaches”, one of the novels of war in
contemporary Iraqi literature.
The study was based on the analyzing the event, its
coordination and composition, personality patterns and
narrative features, time paradox, and finally the element of
place and its effect on a war novel.
This study seeks to reveal the richness of these elements
and their effective role in enriching the setting.

Abstract

The dramatic structure in poetry means the
employment of as much as possible of the elements of
drama such as time, place, action, characters, conflict and
the actual use of dramatic verbs and poetic images. Though
dramatic elements can be generally found in any poetic
text, what is meant by the dramatic structure here is the
conscious and intentional existence, i.e. the poet
intentionally uses the dramatic values and makes them
evidently functional to develope his poem's structure and
deepen its poetic expression. These dramatic elements may
appear in the poetic work without affecting the form of the
poetic genre or changing it into a play, for instance. This
means that a poem remains a poem whatever dramatic
elements were employed in it. Hakim Al-Dawudi's poetry is
rich with the elements of the dramatic structure which
deepens movement, action, dramatic development and the
linguistic and imagist conflict. In this paper some of his
poems of dramatic nature are selected for analysis from his
two collections The Time of Love and A Time as Stranger.

Abstract

This research deals with the modern world and the
literary and nonliterary influences that shaped the world in the
twentieth century. These influenced the two outstanding poets to
write their well-known-poems, especially Yeats’s “The Second
Coming” (19191) and Eliot’s “Sweeney Erect” (1919),
furthermore; it deals with the strong connection between the two
poets and their two interlinked poems. It is also a critical reading
about W. B. Yeats’s poem “The Second Coming” (1919), and the
destructive world in the aftermath of the First World War is
delineated and the behaviour and attitudes of the modern man
in the twentieth society is pinpointed. T. S. Eliot’s poem,
“Sweeney Erect” (1919), is critically interpreted in detail.
Moreover, the infidelity and the hypocrisy of modern man in the
modern world and the absurdity of the modern life are presented
throughout the poem. Finally, the researcher concluded that
there is a strong connection between the two poems as they show
the life of the modern man which is not harmonious, and people
become senseless about the crisis of the human being that is why
Yeats thinks that it is the time for the return of Christ to teach
them about their sordid and absurd life. Reader-Response
Analysis and Textual Analysis Approaches are used in the
analysis of the poems.

Abstract

The contextual and semantics study is
important of linguistic studies especially in the scope of
this study is Glorious Qura.an For this reason would lilke
to study context and semantics in the Glorious Qur'an.
The title of this paper is the meaning of term of
"substitute" in the Qur'anic context. The term of (
substitute ) in the Qur'anic context has many conceptions
and meanings and through the meanings of Change,
death alteration, renewal of situation, selection and
compensation giving and substitution . These conceptions
include stable and moveable and we study these and
compare between opinions of scientists and interpreters .

Abstract

This research paper attempts to study the Negro problem of
identity and existence in the postwar American Negro novel
with special reference to the saga of survival and invisibility
of a nameless young black man in Ralph Ellison‟s Invisible
Man. The core of this study tackles the desperate quest, this
man is living in a blind, nihilistic, and a racist American
world, which denies his existence, and reduces him almost to
a non-entity making him ever more restless, possessed and
exhausted.